Copyright: Feb. 04, 2002 v7.42.e
Citation: (c) 2002 Agere Systems Inc All Rights Reserved. Feb. 04, 2002


Select Profile

Use this screen to:

·	Activate a wireless profile from the pull-down menu, or

·	Add, Edit or Delete a user-defined wireless profile.

You can add up to 99 different profiles, which will be stored in alphabetical order. To view a profile, use the Edit button.

See also:

·	Using Configuration Profiles


Set Profile Properties

Use this screen to:

·	Assign a name to your wireless profile.

·	Select the Network Type to identify the type of wireless connection for this profile.

·	Peer-to-Peer Group

·	Access Point 500

·	Residential Gateway


Identify Network

Use this screen to identify the Network Name of the wireless network to which you wish to connect your computer.

·	When connecting to a Base Station, consult the LAN Administrator of the network for the correct value, or use the Scan button to retrieve a list of open wireless networks.

·	When connecting to a Peer-to-Peer Group, consult one of the workgroup participants for the correct value.

Valid value is a case-sensitive string of ASCII printable characters with a maximum of 32 characters. The value ANY will allow your computer to connect to the first open Base Station network that it can find.

NOTE

In environments with third-party wireless products, this parameter is also referred to as ESSID.


Security Settings

Use this screen to:

·	Enable or disable wireless data Network Name.

·	Enter the encryption key that applies in your network.

You can enter key values in either Alphanumeric Value or Hexadecimal Value. The encryption key value is case-sensitive.

Consult your LAN Administrator for the correct value.


Card Power Management

Use this screen to:

·	Enable Power Management for low power consumption and wireless performance.

·	Disable Power Management for default power consumption and high wireless performance (default).

NOTE

Power Management is only supported in Base Station networks.


TCP/IP Behavior

Use this screen to control the TCP/IP protocol behavior when switching from one wireless profile to another.

Enable this option when your profiles connects to networks with a different TCP/IP Address range. For example your home network and a corporate network.

As most TCP/IP servers assign the TCP/IP lease for 24 hours, your network connection might not work due to an IP Address mismatch when moving between two different network spaces. Enabling this option will ensure your IP Address will be renewed every time you select this profile.


NT Adapter Settings

Use this screen to resolve hardware resource conflicts if the Windows NT operating system does not assign these resources automatically.

·	I/O Base Address

·	Interrupt Request (IRQ)

In normal situations, the default values 0400 and 10 will work just fine.


Using Configuration Profiles

To allow easy recognition, you can assign your own names to each profile.

Before you can start using Configuration Profiles, you have to add a Configuration Profile for each wireless network environment that you want to participate in with your (mobile) Wireless Client Station.

If you plan to use your Wireless Client Station in multiple networking environments that require different configuration settings, you can define dedicated profiles for each environment.

For example you can create a Configuration Profile for:

·	your office head quarters

·	a branch-office

·	your home or SOHO network

After creating configuration profiles, you can easily switch your station from one wireless network to another by selecting one of the profiles.

See also:

·	Network Type.


Network Type

To connect a wireless computer to a network, you will need to identify how you wish to establish the connection.

·	Peer-to-Peer Group

·	To connect to a Base Station Network select the type of Base Station.


I/O Base Address

This specifies the I/O base address to be used by the adapter.

You can select an address from the range of I/O Base addresses in the pull-down list.

Default value is 0400-0437.

IMPORTANT:

To determine which resource settings are available, run the Windows NT Diagnostics program prior to installing the Wireless Client Adapter driver. If you did not do so yet, abort the driver installation and run the Windows NT Diagnostics program now.

For more detailed information please consult the documentation that came with your Windows NT System.


Interrupt Request (IRQ)

This specifies the interrupt number to be used by the adapter.

You can select a IRQ value from the range of Interrupt Requests in the pull-down list.

Default value is 10.

IMPORTANT:

To determine which resource settings are available, run the Windows NT Diagnostics program prior to installing the Wireless Client Adapter driver. If you did not do so yet, abort the driver installation and run the Windows NT Diagnostics program now.

For more detailed information please consult the documentation that came with your Windows NT System.


Basic Troubleshooting

If you cannot connect your Wireless Client Station to the network, the first troubleshooting hint is to verify LED activity of the Wireless Client Adapter. The LEDs may show the following behavior:

·	Power LED on, Transmit/Receive LED off

·	Power LED on, Transmit/Receive LED flickering

·	Both LEDs blink once every 10 seconds

·	Power LED is Flickering

·	No LED Activity

If there is LED activity, run the Client Manager diagnostic tool on your station to:

·	Run the Link Test to verify the quality of wireless network interface radio communications with the network.

·	Run the Card diagnostics to investigate and/or resolve version mismatch of the various wireless network interface software components installed on your computer

NOTE

To isolate a potential conflict without unintentionally creating another one, you are advised to change only one value at the time.


Power LED on, Transmit/Receive LED off

This LED status indicates normal operation:

·	The Wireless Client Adapter is powered on

·	The Transmit/Receive LED indicates there is no activity on the wireless network.

The absence of activity on the Wireless Network Interface might be related to the fact that:

·	You moved out of Transmit Rate of the Base Station(s) that could provide access to the selected network.

·	There are no Wireless Client Stations in the Transmit Rate of your computer to participate in the selected Peer-to-Peer Group.

·	The Base Station(s) that could provide access to the selected network has (have) a problem (e.g. power is off).


Power LED on, Transmit/Receive LED flickering

This LED status indicates normal operation:

·	The Wireless Client Adapter is powered on

·	The Transmit/Receive LED indicates activity on the wireless network.

If the radio of your Wireless Client Adapter seems to communicate with other radio devices, but does not succeed in actually connecting to the network (i.e. the power and radio LED shows normal activity), you may need to verify whether your operating system installed the correct Network Protocol Settings.


Both LEDs blink once every 10 seconds

This LED indicates that the Wireless Client Adapter is powered on and working properly, but it is not able to establish a wireless connection to the wireless network.

Possible causes might be:

·	Your wireless station is outside the Transmit Rate of the Base Station(s) that could provide you access to the selected network.

·	The Wireless Network Interface of your station has been configured with an incorrect Network Name and/or Encryption Key settings.

·	By mistake you selected a configuration profile on your wireless station, that does not belong to the wireless network that you want to connect to.

·	The Base Station(s) that could provide access to the selected network has (have) been configured to deny access to stations that use the value ANY as their Network Name.

Contact your LAN Administrator for information about the correct values of the parameter settings that apply in your network.


No LED Activity

If there is absolutely no LED activity on the Power LED and Receive/Transmit LED of the Wireless Client Adapter, this may be due to one of the following reasons:

·	The Wireless Client Adapter device is not properly connected to your computer.

·	No driver was installed to allow communication between your computer and the wireless network interface.

·	You are using a wireless network interface in combination with an ISA adapter, but you did not yet "introduce" the adapter to your computer using the "Add New Hardware" option on the Control Panel.


Power LED is Flickering

A flickering Power LED identifies that you enabled the Card Power Management option for the Wireless Client Adapter of a Wireless Client Station (Advanced Settings).


Network Protocol Settings

Subject to the type and version of your Windows operating system, the correct protocol may or may not be installed automatically when installing the wireless network interface. Network protocols are for example:

·	TCP/IP

·	NetBEUI

·	IPX/SPX

To verify your network protocol settings:

1.	Click Start, select Settings, then select Control Panel.

2.	Right-click the Network icon and select "Properties" to open the Network properties window.

For Windows ME, 2000 and XP this icon is named "My Network Places".

3.	Display the list of network components installed protocols for your wireless network interface.

·	When using Windows 95/98, scroll down the list of items in the tab Configuration.

·	When using Windows NT, select the tab Protocols.

·	When using Windows ME, 2000 and XP right-click "Local Area Connection" and select properties.

This will display a list of network protocols installed on your computer.

4.	Contact your network administrator for information about:

·	Which protocols should be included in the list.

·	What property settings should apply for each of these protocols.

5.	(Optional) Click the:

·	Add button to add a missing protocol.

·	Properties button to view/modify the protocol settings.


Troubleshooting Windows NT

Unfortunately, the Windows NT Diagnostics program does not always show a 100% accuracy in displaying which resources were claimed by other hardware. In exceptional cases you may encounter difficulty installing your Wireless Client Adapter despite the fact that you ran the Windows NT Diagnostics.

In this case you might run into a Hardware Conflict even though you selected values for your wireless network interface that, according to the Windows NT Diagnostics, did not seem to be used by another device.

See also: Another Device does no longer work.


Another Device does no longer work

In case another device does no longer work after you installed the Wireless Client Adapter, you may have run into a Hardware Conflict. You can verify whether this is caused by the wireless network interface, simply by removing the interface and rebooting the computer:

·	When the problem persists, the problem is not caused by the wireless network interface.

·	When the other device functions properly again after removing the wireless network interface, one of the following two causes may apply:

a.	The resources were already claimed upon booting the device, by a resource setting in the BIOS or CMOS of your computer, or

b.	The driver software of the conflicting device did not notify the Windows NT operating system of its claim upon specific resources.

This means that if you selected resources that appeared to be available according to the Windows NT Diagnostics program, these settings were already claimed by the conflicting device.

In both cases you are encouraged to try alternative values for your wireless network interface to see whether these new values might help solving your problem. Upon doing so, you are advised to change only one parameter at a time.


Hardware Conflict

A conflict of the NT Adapter Settings of your Wireless Client Adapter with another device in your computer.

If you encounter difficulty in connecting your computer using the Wireless Client Adapter in a Windows NT environment, the cause is often related to hardware device settings, which prevent the driver from loading properly. In such situations you are advised to explore the following hints, prior to contacting Technical Support.

·	Verify the settings of the BIOS that is loaded when you (re)start your computer.

·	Try alternative I/O Base Address values for your wireless network interface. An I/O Base address conflict is most often perceived as no LED activity on the wireless network interface. In some cases an I/O Base conflict might result in hanging the system with a "blue-screen" error.

·	Try alternative Interrupt Request (IRQ) values for your wireless network interface. An IRQ conflict is most often perceived as little LED activity: Power LED on, Receive/Transmit LED off. When running the Client Manager diagnostic tool, it will display that the radio communications are good, but the Base Station is not displayed with its proper name and is identified by its MAC Address only. When you would select the Link Test diagnostics, you will see that all dynamic indicators are blank.

In most cases selecting either a different I/O Base Address or IRQ value will help you resolve the issue.


Windows NT Diagnostics

This program that is included with the Windows NT operating system, is a tool that enables you to determine which system resources are used hardware installed into your computer.

Running this program will help you find out whether the factory-set defaults of your wireless network interface have already been claimed by other hardware devices. If so, this program will also help you determine which alternative values supported by your wireless network interface are available.

To minimize the risk of hardware conflicts, you are advised to always run this program prior to installing new hardware.

Consult the Windows documentation for more information about Windows NT Diagnostics.


Operating Systems that support 'Plug & Play'

The following operating systems support 'Plug and Play' for the wireless network interface:

·	Microsoft Windows 95

·	Microsoft Windows 95 OSR2

·	Microsoft Windows 98 & 98 Second Edition (SE)

·	Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition (ME)

·	Microsoft Windows 2000


Operating Systems that do not support 'Plug & Play'

The following operating systems do not support 'Plug and Play' for the wireless network interface:

·	Microsoft Windows NT v3.51

·	Microsoft Windows NT workstation v4.0

·	Microsoft Windows for Workgroups (v3.x)

These operating systems are not able to dynamically allocate system resources such as I/O Base addresses and/or Interrupt Request (IRQ) values to your new hardware.

This means that prior to installing new hardware on such systems, you will need to determine which system resources have been claimed by other devices prior to selecting the resource settings for your wireless network interface. Failing to do so might lead to an I/O Base address conflict and/or IRQ conflict which might prevent your card or the other device from operating properly.

To determine which resource settings are available:

·	Run the Windows NT Diagnostics program prior to installing the wireless network interface driver.

·	Verify the contents of your computer's BIOS or CMOS.


Adapter Settings

Operating Systems that support 'Plug & Play' will be able to allocate the correct values automatically. On such systems, you will not see the tab "Adapter".

On computers running these operating systems, you must identify the following parameters to allow your computer to work properly with the various devices and adapter cards installed:

·	I/O Base Address

·	Interrupt Request (IRQ)

Confirm the factory-set defaults or to select an alternative value using the pull-down boxes.


I/O Base Address

This specifies the I/O base address to be used by the adapter.

You can select an address from the range of I/O Base addresses in the pull-down list.

Default value is 0400-0437.

IMPORTANT:

To determine which resource settings are available, run the Windows NT Diagnostics program prior to installing the Wireless Client Adapter driver. If you did not do so yet, abort the driver installation and run the Windows NT Diagnostics program now.

For more detailed information please consult the documentation that came with your Windows NT System.


Interrupt Request (IRQ)

This specifies the interrupt number to be used by the adapter.

You can select a IRQ value from the range of Interrupt Requests in the pull-down list.

Default value is 10.

IMPORTANT:

To determine which resource settings are available, run the Windows NT Diagnostics program prior to installing the Wireless Client Adapter driver. If you did not do so yet, abort the driver installation and run the Windows NT Diagnostics program now.

For more detailed information please consult the documentation that came with your Windows NT System.


Troubleshooting Windows NT

Unfortunately, the Windows NT Diagnostics program does not always show a 100% accuracy in displaying which resources were claimed by other hardware. In exceptional cases you may encounter difficulty installing your Wireless Client Adapter despite the fact that you ran the Windows NT Diagnostics.

In this case you might run into a Hardware Conflict even though you selected values for your wireless network interface that, according to the Windows NT Diagnostics, did not seem to be used by another device. When this is the case you may notice one of the following events:

·	You are perhaps using a wireless network interface card in combination with an ISA Adapter, but you did not yet "introduce the ISA adapter" to your computer using the "Devices" option on the Control Panel to enable the "Start PCMCIA device at boot" option.

·	Another Device does no longer work after the installation of your wireless network interface.


Another Device does no longer work

In case another device does no longer work after you installed the Wireless Client Adapter, you may have run into a Hardware Conflict. You can verify whether this is caused by the wireless network interface, simply by removing the interface and rebooting the computer:

·	When the problem persists, the problem is not caused by the wireless network interface.

·	When the other device functions properly again after removing the 	 wireless	network interface, one of the following two causes may apply:

·	The resources were already claimed upon booting the device, by a resource setting in the BIOS or CMOS of your computer, or

·	The driver software of the conflicting device did not notify the Windows NT operating system of its claim upon specific resources.

This means that if you selected resources that appeared to be available according to the Windows NT Diagnostics program, these settings were already claimed by the conflicting device.

In both cases you are encouraged to try alternative values for your wireless network interface to see whether these new values might help solving your problem. Upon doing so, you are advised to change only one parameter at a time.


Hardware Conflict

A conflict of the Adapter Settings of your Wireless Client Adapter with another device in your computer.

If you encounter difficulty in connecting your computer using the Wireless Client Adapter in a Windows NT environment, the cause is often related to hardware device settings, which prevent the driver from loading properly. In such situations you are advised to explore the following hints, prior to contacting Technical Support.

·	Verify the settings of the BIOS that is loaded when you (re)start your computer.

·	Try alternative I/O Base Address values for your wireless network interface. An I/O Base address conflict is most often perceived as no LED activity on the wireless network interface. In some cases an I/O Base conflict might result in hanging the system with a "blue-screen" error.

·	Try alternative Interrupt Request (IRQ) values for your wireless network interface. An IRQ conflict is most often perceived as little LED activity: Power LED on, Receive/Transmit LED off. When running the Client Manager diagnostic tool, it will display that the radio communications are good, but the Base Station is not displayed with its proper name and is identified by its MAC Address only. When you would select the Link Test diagnostics, you will see that all dynamic indicators are blank.

In most cases selecting either a different I/O Base Address or IRQ value will help you resolve the issue.


Windows NT Diagnostics

This program that is included with the Windows NT operating system, is a tool that enables you to determine which system resources are used hardware installed into your computer.

Running this program will help you to find out whether the factory-set defaults of your wireless network interface have already been claimed by other hardware devices. If so, this program will also help you to determine which alternative values supported by your wireless network interface are available.

To minimize the risk of hardware conflicts, you are advised always to run this program always prior to installing new hardware.

Consult the Windows documentation for more information about Windows NT Diagnostics.


Operating Systems that support 'Plug & Play'

The following operating systems support 'Plug and Play' for the wireless network interface:

·	Microsoft Windows 95

·	Microsoft Windows 95 OSR2

·	Microsoft Windows 98 & 98 Second Edition (SE)

·	Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition (ME)

·	Microsoft Windows 2000


Operating Systems that do not support 'Plug & Play'

The following operating systems do not support 'Plug and Play' for the wireless network interface:

·	Microsoft Windows NT v3.51

·	Microsoft Windows NT workstation v4.0

·	Microsoft Windows for Workgroups (v3.x)

These operating systems are not able to dynamically allocate system resources such as I/O Base addresses and/or Interrupt Request (IRQ) values to your new hardware.

This means that prior to installing new hardware on such systems, you will need to determine which system resources have been claimed by other devices prior to selecting the resource settings for your wireless network interface. Failing to do so might lead to an I/O Base address conflict and/or IRQ conflict which might prevent your card or the other device from operating properly.

To determine which resource settings are available:

·	Run the Windows NT Diagnostics program prior to installing the wireless network interface driver.

·	Verify the contents of your computer's BIOS or CMOS.


Network Name

The Network Name is a value that logically connects devices within your wireless network. This value (also referred to as SSID) is used to distinguish your wireless network from neighboring networks.

To allow communication, each wireless device within your network must use the same Network Name.

Valid values:

·	Alphanumeric string of 1 to 32 case-sensitive ASCII printable characters

·	Range of "a" to "z", "A" to "Z", "0" to "9

Default values

·
AP500
Wireless
·
AP1000
Wireless
·
RG-1000
Printed on a label on the device
When connecting to a Base Station:

·	Consult the LAN Administrator for the correct value, or

·	When using the AP Manager, press the Scan button to retrieve a list of open wireless networks.

When connecting to a Peer-to-Peer Group:

·	Consult one of the workgroup participants for the correct value.


Encryption Key

Default value
No default value
Valid values
for
 64-bit
RC4 encryption
·
5-digit case-sensitive
Alphanumeric Value
.:
SECU1
·
10-digit
Hexadecimal Value
 in the range of "a-f", "A-F" and "0-9".:
ABCD1234FE
Valid values
 for
 128-bit
RC4 encryption.
·
13-digit case-sensitive
Alphanumeric Value
.:
SECURITY12345
·
26-digit
Hexadecimal Value
 in the range of "a-f", "A-F" and "0-9".:
ABCDEF1234567890FEDCBA4321
See also Translating Hex & ASCII values.


Frequency Channel

The frequency channel parameter gives you the ability to select a sub-channel of the 2.4 GHz channel set. You can use this option to configure your Base Station for one of the following reasons:

·	To to solve a situation where the default channel suffers from interference by an in-band interfering device (e.g. microwave ovens).

·	To configure your network infrastructure to support a Multiple Channel Configuration.

Wireless Client Station devices that roam between different Base Station devices, will automatically adapt the operating frequency of their radio when required.


Power Management

To extend the battery life of your (mobile) Wireless Client Station, you can use Power Management to adjust the power consumption behavior of the Wireless Client Adapter.

Subject to the type of network traffic power management may have some impact on network performance.

See also:

Power Management Enabled


Power Management Enabled

To minimize power consumption, the station will go to "sleep mode" whenever activity is low. At regular intervals it will wake up to verify whether there is network traffic addressed to the wireless station. `

Power management only works in combination with Base Station products which can buffer messages for wireless computers in "sleep mode".


Wireless LAN Configuration

·	Open Configuration

·	Closed Configuration.


Wireless LAN Products

The Wireless LAN product family is a comprehensive set of wireless network equipment based on radio technology. You can use Wireless LAN to build a variety of wireless network topologies using client adapters and Base Stations.

The Wireless LAN products have been designed for inter operability. This means that your Wireless LAN hardware will communicate with other vendors' products carrying the WiFi logo.

See also:

·	Wireless Client Station

·	Base Station

·	Wireless Configurations

·	Wireless LAN Tools


Wireless Client Station

A wireless client station is a computing device equipped with a Wireless Client Adapter that can connect to a (wired) network infrastructure via a Base Station.

Alternatively, you can connect wireless clients to one another in a Peer-to-Peer Group to share files and printers.


Wireless Client Adapter

Wireless LAN Client Adapters are wireless network adapters that are not much different from Ethernet adapters for wired LANs. The operating system will not even notice the difference. The wireless adapters support all protocols that are supported by Ethernet adapter cards.

Like wired adapters, wireless adapters require installation of a dedicated driver, but unlike wired adapters they do not need a cable to connect them to the network. Only wireless network interfaces allow you to relocate workstations without the need to change network cabling or connections to patch panels or hubs.

Wireless LAN offers the following types of adapters:

·	PC Card

·	PCI Adapter

·	USB Client


PC Card

The PC Card is a Wireless Client Adapter that can be used with (mobile) computers that support the PC Card Type II slot. It has two LED indicators and two integrated antennas.


USB Client

The USB Client is a Wireless Client Adapter that can be connected to computers with a USB port.

The USB Client has two LED indicators and two integrated antennas


Base Station

The Base Station is a transparent bridge device that you can use to connect a Wireless Client Station to a (wired) network.

Wireless LAN offers the following types of Base Station devices, that allow for a variety of Wireless Configurations:

·	Access Point 500

·	Access Point 2000

·	Residential Gateway


Access Point 500

The Access Point 500 is a transparent bridge device equipped with:

·	A 10Base-T Ethernet Interface to connect the unit to a wired network.

·	An integrated 128-Bit RC4 Network Interface to connect wireless stations. The wireless interface allows you to specify up to 4 different encryption keys.

Optionally you can use the AP500 in combination with the Range Extender Antenna.


Access Point 2000

The Access Point 2000 is a transparent bridge that supports:

·	A 10/100 Base-T Ethernet Interface

·	Two wireless network interfaces via PC Card Type II slots

·	A Serial Port for configuration via a direct cable connection.

·	Management via a web-browser and/or Command Line Interface.


Residential Gateway

The Residential Gateway is a Base Station that enables you to build various types of wireless network applications in your home or small office environment.

It enables you to share internet access via an external Cable or xDSL Modem, via an ISDN Router or the Ethernet port.

RG-1000 units also allow to share internet access via the built-in v90 modem.


Accessories

·	ISA Adapter

·	Range Extender Antenna


ISA Adapter

To use the PC Card in a (desktop) computer that does not have a PC Card Type II slot, Wireless LAN provides the ISA Adapter.


PCI Adapter

To use the PC Card in a (desktop) computer that does not have a PC Card Type II slot, Wireless LAN provides the PCI Adapter and the ISA Adapter.


Range Extender Antenna

You can use the Range Extender Antenna to extend the Transmit Rate of your PC Card by approximately 15%.

Use of the Range Extender Antenna is recommended in situations where the integrated antenna of your PC Card is shielded. For example:

·	Objects, such as thick stacks of books (or other objects) shield the integrated antenna.

·	Your computer is installed in a cabinet or underneath a table.

Use of the Range Extender Antenna is especially recommended for the PC Card that is installed into a desktop computer, or in a Base Station.


Wireless LAN Tools

The Wireless LAN software suite consists of a set of Windows based management tools that enables you to configure your Base Station devices, and diagnose wireless network performance.

The Wireless LAN software suite consists of the following tools:

·	Client Manager

·	Base Station Management Tool


Base Station Management Tool

To view and modify the configuration of your Base Station, or monitor its performance.


Client Manager

To monitor the wireless performance of your Wireless Client Station, the Client Manager provides:

·	Card Diagnostics to investigate the operation of the Wireless Client Adapter hardware.

·	Link Test to measure wireless communication with a single Link Test partner in a Peer-to-Peer Group or a single Base Station.

·	Site Monitor to verify and optimize placement of your Base Station devices.

You can install the program on any Windows computer equipped with one Wireless LAN adapter.


AP Manager

The AP Manager program is a tool for LAN administrators or system supervisors to configure and monitor the performance of:

·	Residential Gateway

You can install the program on any wired or wireless computer in your network that:

·	runs the Microsoft windows operating system

·	has the TCP/IP protocol installed.


PRO Manager

The Wireless LAN PRO Manager is a tool specially designed for HP Open View systems. The PRO Manager enables you to:

·	Configure Base Station devices.

·	Display and modify the configuration of Access Point devices.

·	Diagnose the network performance and, if necessary, identify and solve network errors.

·	Manage and optimize network performance.


OR Manager


The Wireless LAN OR Manager is a software tool primarily for use by LAN administrators or system supervisors. You can use the OR Manager program to configure Wireless LAN Outdoor Routers, to monitor the performance of your wireless network, and for analysis of links between two wireless stations. It can be run on any station in the network, either wired or wireless.Residential Gateway Setup Utility

The Residential Gateway Setup Utility is a software tool for setting up Residential Gateway Network Scenarios.


Wireless Configurations

Subject to the size and requirements, a wireless network can be identified by either one of the following configuration types:

·	Stand Alone Network

·	Wireless Access to Ethernet Networks

·	Multiple Base Station Network

·	Multiple Channel Configuration


Base Station Network

A Base Station network is a wireless network where all wireless computers connect to one another or a larger network infrastructure via a dedicated Base Station.

Base Station Networks allow for larger wireless coverage, and more flexibility in network design, as they can bridge data between:

·	wireless stations, and

·	wireless and wired infrastructures.

Base Stations exist in different versions, allowing for a variety of network connections:

Stand Alone Network

Wireless Access to Ethernet Networks

Multiple Base Station Network


Stand Alone Network

A stand-alone configuration is the quickest and easiest way to set up a small wireless network. In this configuration only one Base Station is used, functioning as a relay that will forward the data communication from one Wireless Client Station to another within the same wireless cell. A server is not required, wireless stations can communicate like in a Peer-to-Peer Group, but in this configuration via a Base Station.

The wireless infrastructure is identified by a unique Network Name. All equipped devices that wish to connect to this network, must be configured with an identical Network Name.

Mobile wireless stations will maintain communication with the infrastructure as long as they remain within the Transmit Rate of the Base Station in their network.


Wireless Access to Ethernet Networks

Connecting the Base Station to an Ethernet network, allows you to connect a number of Wireless Client Station devices (mobile and/or desktop) to an existing Ethernet infrastructure, creating a larger coverage area.


Multiple Base Station Network

To extend the total wireless coverage area, you can setup a wireless network with multiple Base Station devices. To create multiple cell networks, the Base Station devices must be connected via a wired backbone.

The Base Station devices can serve mobile Wireless Client Station devices that Roam between various locations within a network premises. Roaming wireless stations in a multiple Base Station configuration will:

·	automatically switch between Base Station devices, when required, thus maintaining the wireless connection to the network.

·	communicate with the infrastructure as long as they remain within the Wireless Range of the Base Station devices in their network.

Multiple Channel Configuration

Neighboring Base Station devices alternate between three or more sub-channels (depends on local radio regulations).

Any Wireless Client Station roaming in a Multiple Base Station Network will automatically change the operating radio frequency when required.

Multiple Channel Configuration


Peer-to-Peer Group

A Peer-to-Peer group is a group of Wireless Client Station devices that communicate directly to one another, without intervention of a Base Station or network infrastructure.

Peer-to-Peer networks are typically small networks where:

·	Wireless computers use for example Microsoft file and printer sharing to exchange data directly.

·	Co-workers can quickly set up an ad-hoc workgroup while on the road or in a temporary workplace.

See also: Base Station Network


Access Point

Transparent bridge device to connect Wireless Client Adapter units to a (wired) network.


Access Control

Authorized stations are identified by the MAC Address of the Wireless Client Adapter in a so called Access Control Table file that is loaded into the Base Stations as part of the configuration.

With this security feature enabled, the Base Station ignores all requests to forward data to/from the wireless devices that are not identified in the Access Control Table. You can create or edit the Access Control Table files with:

·	Base Station Management Tool

·	Client Manager


Access Control Table

Typically a task for the LAN Administrator, and part of the configuration upload.

The Access Control Table can be used as a security mechanism to restrict access to the wireless network with a list containing the unique MAC Address of the network interface:

·	On each individual Base Station in your network, or

·	On a central database, stored in a dedicated RADIUS Server or third party server.


ADSL

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line

Technology for broadband computer communication via standard telephone lines. Unlike regular dialup phone service, ADSL provides continuously-available, "always on" connection. ADSL is asymmetric because it uses most of the channel to transmit downstream to the user and only a small part to receive information from the user. ADSL simultaneously accommodates analog (voice) information on the same line.


Alphanumeric Value

An alphanumeric value is a value that can include both:

·	Numeric values in the range of '0-9' and

·	Alphabetical characters in the range of 'a-z'.

For example: AP2on2ndfloor.

Usually alphanumeric values are applied to specify a name or password, where the use of both alphabetical and numerical characters expands the flexibility to enter a name or value of your choice.

When used for passwords, alphanumerical characters expand the number of possible code-combinations for each single character.

For example:

·	Numerical values would allow you to select from 10 different values per character only, in the range of '0-9'.

·	Alphabetical values would allow you to select from 26 different values per character only, in the range of 'a-z'. or maximum 52 when the characters would be case-sensitive: 'a-z', and 'A-Z'.

·	Alphanumerical characters enable you to select from 36 different values per character, in the range of '0-9' and 'a-z'. When the field value would be case-sensitive, the number of values per character would be 62:

Per character you could select from a value in the range of '0-9', 'a-z', and 'A-Z'.

See also: Translating Hex & ASCII values


Association

Association refers to the process where a Wireless Client Station establishes a connection to a Base Station that provides access to IEEE 802.11 infrastructures. This connection applies to the "physical" networking layer only: i.e., it involves nothing more than for example pulling a cable between a wired computer and the wiring closet.

To access networking data, the end-user would still need a login name and login password as implemented by most of today's network operating systems.


Authenticator

Control interaction role where an entity enforces authentication before allowing user access(Supplicant).


Supplicant

Control interaction role where an entity requests access to the services that can be accessed through the Authenticator.


Basic Access Network

A basic access network consists of a small sized wireless LAN, with no connections via gateways or routers. The number of Base Stations in this network typically varies between 1 and 5. The administrator stations need to have the TCP/IP protocol stack loaded and use IP addressing to configure and monitor the Base Stations. IP addressing and the TCP/IP protocol are not strictly necessary for client stations.


Beacon Message

Beacon messages are management frames transmitted by a Base Station at regular intervals. The purpose of Beacon messages is to support Roam wireless devices.

A beacon message contains information that:

·	Identifies the wireless network, and

·	Informs the wireless computing device about the quality of its radio connection with the various Base Station devices throughout the wireless network.

Wireless devices that roam between different physical locations, will use the Beacon information to determine if and when they should (try to) connect to another Base Station. This will avoid that wireless devices moving away from the Base Station might lose their network connection.

To receive and interpret a Beacon message, the Wireless Client Station must be configured with identical identification parameters as the Base Station interface that transmitted the Beacon message. Wireless devices equipped with the PC Card must be configured with an identical Network Name.


Beacon interval

Base Station devices transmit Beacon Messages at an interval of approximately 10 beacons/second.


BIOS

Basic I/O System (sometimes also referred to as CMOS)

This system is loaded first each time you (re)start your computer. It usually contains basic information about devices and ports installed into your computer. Examples of such settings are:

·	System clock, which determines the date and time settings on your computer

·	Type and number of Hard Disk Drives

·	Type and device settings of Parallel and Serial ports

·	Type and device settings of "on-board" audio cards and/or Ethernet interfaces

The number of settings defined in the BIOS and/or the ability to view or modify these settings may differ from one computer to another.

To access the BIOS or CMOS you typically need to press a specific key when (re)starting your computer. For most computer systems this is either the F1 function key, or the "Delete" key, other systems may use a custom key. Consult the user documentation that came with your computer for more information about accessing the BIOS, and instructions for viewing/modifying settings for your computer.


UTP Cable

Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable

Standard cable for wired Ethernet networks, equipped with RJ-45 connectors. This cable is also referred to as 10Base-T or 100Base-T cable.

This cable is typically used to connect a computer or Base Station to:

·	A LAN hub or Switch in a corporate or SOHO network with wired infrastructure.

·	An external device such as a Cable Modem, xDSL modem or ISDN Router to allow computers in a SOHO network to access the internet via an ISP.


UTP Cross-over Cable

Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable

Special cable for wired Ethernet networks, equipped with RJ-45 connectors. This cable is also referred to as 10Base-T or 100Base-T cable.

This cable is typically used to connect a Base Station directly to a computer.


Closed Configuration

Wireless LAN proprietary mode where the Base Station denies access to:

·	any Wireless Client Station with the incorrect Network Name

·	any Wireless Client Station with the Network Name set to ANY

This mode is not compliant with the IEEE 802.11 Standard and can not be used in environments that include Windows XP Clients.


CSMA/CA

Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance.

Pro-active mechanism used by wireless network devices to avoid collisions of wireless transmissions. The CSMA/CA mechanism is based on sensing whether the medium is free prior to starting transmissions. If the medium is not free, the wireless device will defer its transmission using a random time-out counter until the medium becomes available again.


CSMA/CD

Carrier Sense Multiple Access Control, Collision Detect.

Reactive mechanism used by wired network devices to detect collisions of transmitted frames. The CSMA/CD mechanism is based on starting transmissions without sensing whether the medium is free, and only detect frames that failed as a result of a collision.


CTS

Clear To Send.


RTS

Request To Send.


Embedded Software

Basic operating software for the Wireless LAN hardware that determines basic functionality and features. This software is already loaded into the hardware at the factory, so does not require user installation.

Subject to the type of hardware, the embedded software may also referred to as:

·	Firmware for wireless your wireless Client Station.

·	Kernel for your Base Station.


Encryption Key

Alphanumeric Value or Hexadecimal Value used to validate the access to the network.

Given that each wireless device on the network must be configured with the same security settings, encryption keys provide a basic mechanism to prevent any unauthorized access to the network.


ESS

Extended Service Set.

Definition in the IEEE 802.11 Standard for wireless LANs to identify a wireless network consisting of Base Stations and Clients.


ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute (Europe).


FCC

Federal Communications Commission (USA).


IC

Industry Canada.


FCS

The Frame Check Sequence is a cyclic redundancy check (CRC), calculated on all fields from the Destination Address on.

It is used to detect corrupted packets on the network.


Firmware

This basic operating software for wireless devices hardware is factory-installed. You will only need to update this software when new functions or features have been developed for your hardware.


Kernel

Embedded software of the Base Station.

This software is a binary file of the format "XXXXyyy.bin", where XX identifies the type of Base Station, and yyy identifies the version of the software.

·	rg10xxxxxx.bin for Residential Gateway


Firewall

Security system designed to prevent unauthorized access to a private or local network.

It can either be a hardware firewall or a software firewall, or a combination of both.


Fragmentation

When transmitting data via the wireless network, your Wireless Network Interface will automatically split up the file or message in a number of different packets, that are re-assembled again by the communication partner.

Wireless LAN Products use standard IEEE 802.11 compatible frame lengths, where different lengths apply for each Transmit Rate. Fragmentation will apply alternative (usually shorter) frame lengths to split and reassemble the wireless data frames.


Hexadecimal Value

Numeric value that can include both numeric and a limited number of alphabetical characters:

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F

Where 0 identifies the lowest value, and F the highest value of the hexadecimal range.

In most occurrences where hexadecimal values apply, you will be able to distinguish the hexadecimal values from standard numerical values.

For example:

·	3F2C will identify a four-digit hexadecimal value

·	1234 will most probably identify a four-digit numerical value.

Usually hexadecimal values are identified by a leading 0x, or trailing 'h', to allow you to distinguish a hexadecimal value from a numerical value. For example:

·	1234 'h or 0x1234 will identify a four-digit hexadecimal value, where.

·	1234 will identify a four-digit numerical value.

In case of doubt, consult the user documentation or online help of your product, to find out which type of value applies in a specific situation.

See also: Translating Hex & ASCII values


Translating Hex & ASCII values

When your network includes computers equipped with wireless adapters from different manufacturers, you may encounter difficulty entering the encryption keys because one system might require you to enter a Hexadecimal Value where the other system prompts you to specify an Alphanumeric Value.

You can use the table below to translate such values to a valid equivalent for the other system.

NOTE

Encryption Key strings are case-sensitive!

Example: If your Encryption Key reads: "Key2Z" the hexadecimal equivalent would be: "4B657932A"

Alphanumeric
 Hex
Alphanumeric
 Hex
A
41
a
61
B
42
b
62
C
43
c
63
D
44
d
64
E
45
e
65
F
46
f
66
G
47
g
67
H
48
h
68
I
49
i
69
J
4A
j
6A
K
4B
k
6B
L
4C
l
6C
M
4D
m
6D
N
4E
n
6E
O
4F
o
6F
P
50
p
70
Q
51
q
71
R
52
r
72
S
53
s
73
T
54
t
74
U
55
u
75
V
56
v
76
W
57
w
77
X
58
x
78
Y
59
y
79
Z
5A
z
7A
Spacebar
20
0
30
!
21
1
31
"
22
2
32
#
23
3
33
$
24
4
34
%
25
5
35
&
26
6
36
'
27
7
37
(
28
8
38
)
29
9
39
*
2A
:
3A
+
2B
;
3B
,
2C
<
3C
-
2D
=
3D
.
2E
>
3E
/
2F
?
3F
[
5B
@
40
5C
]
5D
^
5E
_
5F
`
60
7B
|
7C
7D
~
7E
Del.
7F


Hidden Station Problem

A hidden station is a situation in which two Client Stations are within range of the same Base Station, but are not within range of each other.

The Hidden Station Problem illustrates an example of the "hidden station" problem. Both station A and station B are within range of the Base Station however, station B cannot "hear" station A, therefore station A is a "hidden station" for station B.

The Hidden Station Problem

When station B starts to communicate with the Base Station, it might not notice that station A is already using the wireless medium. When station A and station B send messages at the same time, they might collide when arriving simultaneously at the Base Station. The collision will most certainly result in a loss of messages for both stations.

A situation in a wireless network, where communication fails despite the CSMA/CA mechanism. This problem may typically occur in networks where Base Station devices are located at large distances from one another, and/or multiple wireless stations are located at the periphery of a wireless cell.

In such situations wireless stations are not able to adequately sense whether the medium is free, and might start transmissions simultaneously, resulting in a frame collision.


IEEE

Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers, Inc.

The IEEE is an organization that develops Standards for electrical and electronic equipment. IEEE Standards documents are developed within the Technical Committees of the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Board.

For more information, contact IEEE Customer Service at:

E-mail/Internet:
Customer.service@ieee.org
http://standards.ieee.org
Phone:
1.732.981.0060 (outside of the US and Canada)
Fax:
1.800.701.IEEE (within the US and Canada)
1.732.981-9667
Mail:
IEEE Customer Service
445 Hoes Lane, PO Box 1331
Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 USA


IEEE 802.11

IEEE 802.xx Standards define the access technologies for local and metropolitan area networks. IEEE Standards are developed and defined by the IEEE.

The IEEE 802.11 Standard is an interoperability standard for wireless LAN devices, that identifies three major distribution systems for wireless data communication:

·	Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) Radio Technology

·	Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Radio Technology

·	Infrared Technology

IEEE 802.11 compliant networking products that are based on the same type of distribution system are interoperable with one another, regardless of the device's manufacturer.


IEEE 802.1x

Draft standard for port-based network access control, which provides authenticated network access for IEEE 802.11 wireless networks and to wired Ethernet networks.

·	IEEE 802.1x Authentication


IEEE 802.1x Authentication

Authentication and Dynamic key distribution prior to LAN access.

·	Zero-Configuration IEEE 802.11


Zero-Configuration IEEE 802.11

Media sense wireless aware in the Wireless Client Adapter detects changes for IEEE 802.11 LANs and triggers updates in clients, applications, and network. This means that the operating system manages Driver installation and Client Station configuration.

Requirements:

·	IEEE 802.1x compliant TCP/IP

·	Disabled Closed Configuration.


EAP

Extensible Authentication Protocol.


IPSec

IP Security, developed for per packet integrity and encryption.


Initiator Station

The Base Station that you selected to initiate the AP Manager Remote Link Test.


IPX/SPX

A networking protocol that is commonly used in networking environments that use the Novell Netware network operating system.


IPv6

Internet Protocol version 6, which uses a 128-bit addressing scheme to support system identification on the public network.


ISP

Internet Service Provider

Company or organization that provides you access to the Internet via one of the following means:

·	v90 telephone line

·	ISDN telephone line

·	xDSL Modem line.

·	TV Cable network via Cable Modem

As a computer user you can not connect directly to the internet. The ISP acts as an intermediary between you and the internet.


LAN

Local Area Network


LAN Administrator Station

The LAN Administrator Station is the computer used for managing your Local Area Network


LAN Segment

A logical area within a network that is connected with other areas via a bridge.

For Base Station devices these areas can either be an Ethernet or wireless segment.


LED

Light Emitting Diode

Indicator light that you can find on most Wireless LAN devices.


Blink

LED lights up at regular intervals.


Flicker

LED lights up quickly at irregular intervals.


MAC

Medium Access Control.

See also: MAC Address.


MAC Address

12-digit hexadecimal identification number for networking products.

Every networking device is identified by a unique factory-set number that can not be changed, also referred to as the 'Universal MAC Address'.

·	The MAC Address of a Wireless Client Station is printed on a label on the backside of the hardware.

·	Base Station type devices may have more than one MAC Address:

·	One MAC Address for the wired Ethernet interface of the device, printed on a label on the Base Station, and

·	A MAC Address for the Wireless Network Interface of the Base Station.

·	The wireless MAC Address corresponds with the value printed on a label on the backside of the card inside the Base Station.


MIB

Management Information Base.

A database of objects that can be monitored by network management systems. Both SNMP and remote monitoring tools (RMON) use standardized MIB formats to monitor any device defined by a MIB.


MPT

Ministry of Post and Telecommunication (Japan)


MPDU

MAC Protocol Data Unit


MSDU

MAC Service Data Unit


Multicast

Messages transmitted by a single station (typically a server) to a select group of recipients on the network. This type of traffic is also referred to as Non-Unicast messages.


NetBEUI

A Microsoft proprietary protocol that is often used in small networking environments. It allows end-users to share resources on their computers by providing 'peer-to-peer' access. This protocol is required to use 'disk-sharing' or allow other users to print files on a printer connected directly to your computer.


Open Environment

Typical radio environment where antennas can "see" each other, i.e. there are no physical obstructions between them.


Open Configuration

Standard IEEE 802.11 mode where the Base Station bridges data for:

·	every Client Station with the correct Network Name

·	every Client Station with the Network Name set to ANY.


Semi-open Environment

Typical radio environment where work space is divided by shoulder-height, hollow wall elements; antennas are at desktop level.


Closed Environment

Typical radio environment where work space is separated by floor-to-ceiling brick walls: antennas can not "see" each other.


PPP

PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is a protocol for communication between two computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to an Internet server. Essentially, it packages your computer's TCP/IP packets and forwards them to the (Internet) server, where they can actually be put on the Internet. PPP can handle synchronous as well as asynchronous communication.


PPPoE

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) is a specification for connecting multiple computer users on an Ethernet to a remote site through a modem. PPPoE combines PPP with the Ethernet protocol, where the PPP protocol information is encapsulated within the Ethernet frames.

In a Residential Gateway network, PPPoE can be used to let multiple wireless users share a common Digital Subscriber Line, by connecting an ADSL modem to the gateway.


L2TP

Layer Two Tunneling Protocol

Extension to the PPP protocol that enables ISPs to operate Virtual Private Networks (VPN).

L2TP requires that the ISP's routers support the protocol.


RADIUS

Remote Authentication Dial In User Interface.


RADIUS Server

RADIUS Server Access Control is a security mechanism based on a protocol exchange between Base Station devices and a dedicated server that contains a central database of computer stations that are allowed to access the network.

Authorized stations are identified by the unique Universal MAC Address of their network adapter.


Roam

The behavior of mobile Wireless Client Station devices that move between different physical locations in the network.

In Multiple Base Station Network environments roaming stations will automatically connect to the Base Station that provides the best communications quality.


Serial Number

Every Wireless LAN card has a unique identification number of the format:

YYUTxxxxxxxx, where

·	YY identify the year of manufacturing

·	xx identifies the unique item number.

This number is printed on a label that you can find on your product.


SNR

The Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is the primary diagnostic counter to diagnose wireless performance. SNR indicates the relative strength of the received Signal Level compared to the Local Noise Level.

In most environments, SNR is a good indicator for the quality of the radio link between transmitter and receiver. A higher SNR value means a better quality radio link. The color coding of the SNR-bar indicates the link quality.


Signal Level

Signal Level indicates the strength of the wireless signal as received at the Wireless Client Adapter. As the wireless system may perform quite well even when the signal level is low, the primary indicator to diagnose the communications quality is the level of SNR.

Use the Client Manager or AP Manager Link Test to investigate the communications quality.


Noise Level

Noise Level reflects the level of local background noise as measured at the Wireless Client Adapter.

Noise can be indicated as Local Noise (close to the monitoring station) or  Remote Noise  (close to the Link Test partner)

Possible sources of interference can be:

·	Theft Protection Devices

·	Cordless Phones

·	Microwave Ovens

·	Pager Systems

This counter reflects only the Noise Level value (in%) of the latest frame that was received on this interface.

When the value displayed changes dynamically, the likely cause will be that there are multiple wireless stations communicating to this wireless interface, where the communications path of one or more stations to Base Station suffers from interference, and the communications path of the other stations is 'clean'.

Use the Client Manager Link Test to investigate the communications quality between each Wireless Client Station and this Base Station.

The Noise Level, as well as the Signal Level, is expressed in decibel milliwatt (dBm) and has a negative value. The lower (= more negative) the value, the weaker the Noise.

When the source of interference is identified, eliminate the source of interference, or use this indicator to optimize station or antenna placement for optimal wireless performance.


Local Noise

The level of radio interference as measured in the vicinity of your wireless computer.


Remote Noise

The level of radio interference as measured in the vicinity of the remote station (for example your `Link Test Partner' or the current Base Station).


SOHO

Small Office / Home Office

Relatively small network that comprises up to 10 wireless and/or wired computers.

Occasionally a SOHO network uses a shared connection to an Internet Service Provider to provide internet access to individual workstations.


SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol. A network protocol that can be used to manage networks locally, or world-wide via the internet.


SNMP IP Access List

Advanced Security option that enables you to authorize SNMP management to a restricted group of SNMP Management stations.

You can authorize one or multiple LAN Administrator Stations to access the Base Station configuration or diagnostic information.


SNMP Trap Messages

SNMP Trap Messages is part of the Trap Host mechanism.

It sends information on actions such as:

Reset procedures on the Base Station,

Upload of new configuration in to the Base Station,

Forced Reload so that the network administrator can verify whether the action was authorized or not.


Station Name

The station name is an optional parameter that may be used to designate wireless devices in the network. The name can help to identify a device in one of the Wireless LAN diagnostic utilities. A station name can consist of up to 31 alphanumeric characters.


Trap Host

Station in an SNMP managed network, where SNMP Trap Messages are collected.


UDP

User Datagram Protocol.

Connection less protocol, like TCP, that runs on top of IP networks. Unlike TCP/IP, UDP/IP provides very few error recovery services, offering instead a direct way to send and receive data grams over IP networks. It is used primarily to broadcast messages over a network.


PDU

Protocol Data Unit


RSRE

Retransmission time-out algorithm as defined by the UK Royal Signals and Radar Establishment.


ICMP

Extension to the Internet Control Message Protocol (IP).

It supports packets that contain error, control, and informational messages. The PING command, for example, uses ICMP to test the Internet connection.


BPDU

Bridge Protocol Data Unit (also referred to as Configuration BPDU).

Data message that is exchanged between switches within large networks where the Spanning Tree protocol has been enabled. This message includes information about ports, addresses, priorities and path costs and it is used to detect loops in the network.

When a loop is detected, the Spanning Tree protocol will shut down selected bridge interfaces, and place redundant switch ports in a back-up or blocked state.


Root Bridge

The Bridge that has the lowest Bridge priority level in a Spanning Tree topology.


Designated Bridge

In a Spanning Tree configuration, the LAN is usually split up into multiple LAN segments. The Designated Bridge is the bridge that will forward all packets from bridges residing on the same LAN segment to the Root Bridge or bridges residing in other LAN segments and vice versa.

The Designated Bridge is usually the one closest to the Root Bridge.


Retransmission

Retransmission is a standard IEEE 802.11 method of dealing with lost messages. In case a transmitting wireless computer does not receive the acknowledgment that a transmitted message was received, the station will try to transmit the message again. When the retransmission fails as well, your wireless computer will switch to a lower Transmit Rate, using the Auto Fallback mechanism.


Root Port

In a Spanning Tree configuration, each bridge unit will identify which bridge port provides the shortest path to the Designated Bridge on the LAN segment and the Designated Bridge on the LAN.


Spanning Tree

In complex network topologies, the Spanning Tree option enables you to enhance data traffic efficiency, and eliminate the possibility of data loops.

With the spanning tree algorithm, all bridges on the LAN exchange special configuration messages (PDU's) that allow them to:

·	Select a single bridge among all bridges in the connected LAN segments to be the Root Bridge

·	Calculate the distance of the shortest path from them-selves to the root bridge.

·	select a Designated Bridge in each LAN segment that will forward packets between that LAN segment and the root bridge.

·	Select a Root Port among all ports of the bridge unit.

This way bridges will dynamically discover a loop-free subset of the LAN topology (a tree), that provides the most efficient level of connectivity between every pair of physically connected Local Area Network segments.

If the 'shortest data path' fails, (for example as a result of a physical breakdown), the Spanning Tree will automatically rebuild the topology within the confines of the available bridged LAN components.


Bridge in

The total number of data packets arriving at the Base Station from the LAN segment served by the selected wireless network interface.

This number reflects the sum of Unicast and Non-Unicast packets.


Broadcast

Messages transmitted by a single station (typically a server) to all stations on the network. This type of traffic is also referred to as Non-Unicast messages.


Bytes in

The number of bytes (octets) received at the Base Station from the LAN segment served by the selected wireless network interface, including framing characters.


Non-Unicast packets out

The number of packets requested by higher level protocols, to be transmitted to a subnetwork-unicast address, typically Multicast or Broadcast messages. This number includes the frames that were discarded or not sent.


AP Name

The name of the Base Station. The Base Station name is defined in the SNMP parameter settings in the Base Station configuration.


Storm Threshold

An advanced Bridge setup option that you can use to protect the network against data overload by:

·	Specifying a maximum number of frames per second as received from a single network device (identified by its MAC Address).

·	Specifying an absolute maximum number of messages per port.

The `Storm Threshold' parameters allow you to specify a set of thresholds for each port of the Base Station, identifying separate values for the number of broadcast messages/second and Multicast messages/second.

When the number of frames for a port or identified station exceeds the maximum value per second, the Base Station will ignore all subsequent messages issued by the particular network device, or ignore all messages of that type.


TTL

Time-To-Live

An advanced IP Parameter Setup counter that you can you use to maintain network efficiency. The purpose of the Time To Live counter (TTL) is to avoid endless forwarding of message frames with an incorrect address that pollute the network medium.

The TTL defines a maximum number of passes per hop. Each time the frame is forwarded by a router, the TTL counter decreases by one. When the TTL = 0, the frame is rejected.


UHD

Ultra High Density


Unicast packets out

The number of bytes (octets) transmitted out to the interface.

This is `true data' from station to station.


USB

Universal Serial Bus


Primary Base Station

In a network with multiple Residential Gateway devices, you will typically assign one Residential Gateway to act as the primary station that will distribute IP addresses to all clients and other Base Station units.


Secondary Base Station

In a network with multiple Residential Gateway devices, this term refers to the Base Station units that have the DHCP functionality disabled, and will receive their IP Address of the Primary Base Station.


Variant

The Variant level identifies the type of Wireless LAN adapter.

As different variant types may support different functionality and features, you can only use firmware upgrades that are identified by the same Variant type as the one of your card.


Version

The Version number identifies the type of Wireless LAN adapter. This number increments with each new firmware release.

The format of the version identification designator is typically X.xx, where:

X
identifies a major version upgrade
xx
identifies a minor version upgrade
You are advised not to 'downgrade' the firmware of your Wireless LAN card, by loading firmware with a version level that is less than the one currently installed on your card.

In some exceptional cases, typically upon advice of Wireless LAN technical Support you may need to downgrade.

When you attempt to downgrade, the WSU tool will prompt you to confirm that you wish to overwrite the card's firmware with an older version.


Primary Functions Firmware

The basic operating software of the Wireless LAN adapter, required to interface with standard PC Card sockets and services.

Usually, this software does not need any update. In the exceptional case where an upgrade of your card's Station Functions Firmware requires upgrade of the Primary Functions Firmware as well, this upgrade will be executed automatically, provided that the variant of the firmware upgrade is the same type as the variant of your PC Card's hardware.

See also:

·	Variant

·	Version


Station Functions Firmware

This card software controls the features of your Wireless Client Adapter. It allows the adapter to operate as a Station (STA) in an IEEE 802.11 LAN, when inserted into the computer.

The STA functions firmware includes features such as:

·	'Auto-connect' to IEEE 802.11 networks

·	Option to select the data transmission speed

·	Option to assign a Network Name

See also:

·	Variant

·	Version


Type II Extended

This type refers to the standard Wireless LAN PC Card.

This is a network adapter card that fits into any standard PC Card Type II slot.

This type of card has a small extended part containing the radio antennas. The extended part protrudes slightly from the host device to allow the antennas to transmit/receive wireless signals with as little obstructions as possible.


Subnet Mask

In combination with the IP address, this number will identify which network your computer is on. If the IP Address Mask was assigned to you by your Script file (ISP), this is a required value to fill in.


DNS

Domain Name System

Distributed database used by computers on the Internet to look up each other's addresses.

When any site needs to add or remove computers, it simply updates the correspondent portion of the database and, after a short period, everyone on the net can see the change.


Script file

A script file contains scripting commands, parameters, and expressions that provide and retrieve information to and from the remote computer you are connecting to. This information can include your user name and password, port information, carriage returns, line feeds, and pauses.


WECA

Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance

Group of leading equipment and software providers, aiming at inter operability among a wide variety of wireless systems.

http://www.wirelessethernet.org


WiFi

Wireless Fidelity

Inter operability standard of wireless network systems as defined by the WECA organization.

The WiFi logo on your wireless products ensures IEEE 802.11 High Rate quality and certified inter operability with an expanding range of WiFi certified product and solutions.


WEP

Wired Equivalent Privacy

IEEE 802.11 compliant encryption scheme based on the RC4 algorithm that is used to secure wireless data.

WEP encryption is a method of encrypting data that is transmitted over your wireless network to insure data security. In a wired network, data security is maintained through the physical wire. WEP encryption provides the same level of security for your wireless data as if it were being transmitted over standard network cabling. In order to duplicate wired network security levels, wireless data is encrypted at its point of transmission. The receiving device decodes the data. This allows users to have the same amount of security over their wireless network as they would over a wired network.


WSU

Wireless Station Update tool.

Windows-based tool to update the firmware of the PC Card and PCI Adapter.

The WSU tool runs on any desktop or laptop computer that:

·	Runs Microsoft Windows 9x, NT4.0, ME, 2000 and XP.

·	Has the Wireless LAN Driver installed.


64-bit WEP Network Interface

Wireless Client Adapter that supports 64-bit WEP data encryption.

·	5-digit keys in Alphanumeric Value or

·	10-digit keys in Hexadecimal Value.


128-Bit RC4 Network Interface

Wireless Client Adapter that supports both 64-bit WEP and 128-Bit data encryption based on the RC4 algorithm.

This type of interface allows you to enter:

·	5 or 13-digit keys in Alphanumeric Value or

·	10 or 26-digit keys in Hexadecimal Value.


NAT

Network Address Translation

Translation of an IP address used within one network to a different IP address known within another network.

A NAT-enabled device translates a set of local IP addresses to one or more IP addresses on the Internet. NAT translates the IP address of incoming packets back to local IP addresses.

Automatically enables IPSec.


VPN

Virtual Private Network


Wireless Access to the Network

·	Closed Wireless System

Does not allow the Wireless Client Station to scan for wireless networks.

·	Access Control

·	Access Control Table

·	RADIUS Access Control

·	Data Encryption


Closed Wireless System

Set Closed Configuration:

1.	Start your Base Station Management Tool and select the Base Station.

2.	Click Edit to connect the Base Station.

3.	Select the Wireless Interfaces tab.

4.	Click the Security button to display the security properties.

5.	Click the check box next to Closed Wireless System.

6.	Click OK to confirm and close the Wireless Security Setup window.

Close the Wireless System

7.	Click OK to save the new configuration to the Base Station and to return to the main window of the Base Station Management Tool.

The Base Station automatically reboots and starts bridging operation and allow access only to the users that have been configured with exactly the same Network Name, as identified in the setup of your Base Station(s).

8.	Repeat steps 1 through 8 for all other Base Station devices.


Access Control

With the use of Encryption Key values, it allows access to the network only to Wireless Client Stations that have the same key.


Access Control Table

·	Base Station devices bridge only messages to/from identified Client Station devices

·	Base Station devices ignore all requests to forward data to/from non-listed Client Station devices

Enable Access Control


RADIUS Access Control

·	Specifies the lifetime of granted authorizations

·	Sets the authorization password

·	Assign up to two RADIUS Server units for validating the MAC Address of Wireless Client Stations.

Enable RADIUS Server Access Control


Enable Access Control

To enable access control you will first need to create an Access Control Table file (*.tbl).

·	Create/Edit Access Control Table

·	Import Access Control Table

NOTE

The Access Control feature does not work in network environments that require local MAC Address.


Create/Edit Access Control Table

1.	Start the Base Station Management Tool and select the Base Station.

2.	Click the Edit button.

3.	Select the Access Control tab.

4.	Click the Edit button to display all MAC Addresses that are currently authorized.

By default, Access Control is set to <All will be permitted>, i.e. with no access restrictions defined.

5.	Use the following buttons to modify the MAC Address table:

·	Add - to add MAC addresses one at a time

You can also use the Comments field to enter a name or add a comment about the listed MAC address

·	Edit - to change entries in the table

·	Delete - to remove MAC Addresses one at a time

·	Delete All - to remove all MAC addresses and Disable Access Control

·	Import File - to import an existing access control table

·	Save File - to save the current access control to a file

6.	Repeat step 5 for all Wireless Client Stations you want to authorize to send/receive data via this Base Station.

Setup Access Control

7.	Click the Save file button to make a back-up copy of the access control table file you just created (*.tbl)

You can use this file later to import the configuration into any other Base Station.

8.	Click OK to return to the Access Control tab.

9.	Click OK again to save the new configuration to the Base Station and to return to the main window of your Base Station Management Tool.

10.	(Optional) Save the configuration to a local back-up file (*.cnf).


Import Access Control Table

1.	Start the Base Station Management Tool and connect to the Base Station in the edit mode.

2.	Select the Access Control tab and click the Edit button to display all MAC Addresses that are currently authorized.

3.	Click the Import File button and select the access control table file (*.tbl) that you wish to import

See Create/Edit Access Control Table.

4.	Click the Open button to import the selected file.

5.	Click OK to return to the Access Control tab.

6.	Click OK again to save the new configuration to the Base Station and to return to the main window of the Base Station Management Tool.

7.	(Optional) Save the configuration to a local back-up file (*.cnf).


Disable Access Control

1.	Start the Base Station Management Tool and connect to the Base Station in the edit mode.

2.	Select the Access Control tab and click the Edit button to display all MAC Addresses that are currently authorized.

3.	To disable access control, click the Delete All button

The MAC Address window will read <All will be permitted>.

4.	Click OK to return to the Access Control tab.

5.	Click OK again to save the new configuration to the Base Station and to return to the main window of the Base Station Management Tool.

6.	(Optional) Save the configuration to a local back-up file (*.cnf).

7.	Update the "Base Station Configuration Record" to reflect this change.

8.	(Optional) Modify the access control settings for all other Base Stations.


Enable RADIUS Server Access Control

1.	Set up the RADIUS server.

2.	Configure the RADIUS server:

·	Specify the unique IP address of each RADIUS server

·	Specify the Authentication port, as used by the selected server.

3.	Build the MAC Address list of all Wireless Client Stations that you wish to connect to your Base Station infrastructure.

4.	Build the IP Address list of all the authorized Wireless Client Stations that you wish to connect to your Base Station infrastructure.

5.	Configure all Base Stations to:

·	Enable RADIUS MAC Address authentication

·	Set the RADIUS Authorization Lifetime

·	Set the Authorization Password

·	Identify the IP Address of the RADIUS server(s)

·	Verify the Authentication Port of the RADIUS server(s)

6.	(Optional) Restrict Access to your network, using MAC Address control via RADIUS server:


Restrict Access

1.	Start the Base Station Management Tool and select the Base Station.

2.	Click the Edit button.

3.	Select the Access Control tab.

4.	Click the lower Edit button to display the RADIUS server name and secret parameter.

5.	Enable the check box Enable RADIUS Server

Default value is: RADIUS Access Control Disabled.

For more information, refer the help-file (press F1) of the Base Station Management Tool).

See also: Simultaneous Use


Use Standard and RADIUS Access Control

When using the built-in Base Station Access Control and RADIUS Server Access Control simultaneously, the Base Station Access Control Table takes precedence over the RADIUS Server table.

·	Common features

·	Different features

·	Simultaneous Use

·	Reasons to use the two types of Access Control


Simultaneous Use

It is possible to use both Access Control Table and RADIUS Access Control, however that would require you to maintain one MAC Address table for the Base Station and another for the RADIUS Server.

To avoid Conflicts with RADIUS Server Central Management:

·	Build a central database in the RADIUS server that will contain all MAC Address values of regular wireless network clients

·	Build an additional Access Control Table that will include only the MAC Address values of computers used by the LAN Administrators, and load this table into each Base Station within your network.

See also: Reasons to use the two types of Access Control


Conflicts with RADIUS Server Central Management

·	When a Client Station attempts to establish wireless connection with a Base Station, the Base Station will verify whether its unique MAC Address is listed in its Access Control Table.

·	If the MAC Address of that Client Station is listed, the Base Station will grant access immediately.

I.e. the MAC Address at the RADIUS Server.

·	If the MAC Address of the Client Station is not listed, the Base Station will consult the RADIUS Server.

·	Next the RADIUS Server will verify whether the unique MAC Address of that station is listed in its MAC Address table.

·	If the MAC Address of that Client Station is listed, the RADIUS Server will notify the Base Station to grant access.

It will not append the MAC Address to the Access Control Table of the Base Station!

·	If the MAC Address of the Client Station is not listed, the RADIUS Server notifies the Base Station to refuse the connection.


Common features

·	Restriction to network access.

·	Authorize only specific Client Station devices to connect to the network.

·	Authorized Client Station devices have to be identified by the unique MAC Address of the wireless network interface

Non-listed MAC Address value will be ignored.


Different features

·	Access Control Table,

·	RADIUS Server MAC Address authentication mechanism: usually more effective in large networks with a high number of Wireless Client Stations:

1.	The network administrator can maintain and manage a single database on a central location, and

2.	(Optional) The network administrator can create a second backup system to validate authentication requests.


Reasons to use the two types of Access Control

In most networking environments it will be most efficient to apply just one of the access control mechanisms.

Consider using both types of Access Control when:

·	The connection to the RADIUS Server(s) is not to be working error-free.

·	A limited number of Wireless Client Stations require access to the network at all times, regardless of the activity of the RADIUS Server.


Data Encryption

·	Encryption

·	Enable Data Encryption


Encryption

It allows you to encrypt all data before wireless transmission, and decode it again upon receipt.

All clients must use the same Encryption Key.

Subject to the type of hardware, you can use different bit encryption:

·	128-Bit RC4 Network Interface

Optionally, you can configure your Base Station to:

·	Deny non-encrypted Data

·	Allow non-encrypted Data


Deny non-encrypted Data

When you select to enable Data Encryption and Access Control, the Base Station:

·	Processes only the messages encrypted with one valid Encryption Key

·	Transmits only wireless data with Enable Data Encryption

·	Encrypts each Beacon Message on the Multicast and Broadcast traffic transmitted to the wireless medium.

CAUTION

For optimal security against unauthorized access to your network, you are advised always to leave enabled Deny non-encrypted Data option (=default).


Allow non-encrypted Data

When you select to enable Data Encryption and cleared Access Control, the Base Station:

·	Processes all the messages, encrypted or not

·	Encrypts wireless transmissions based on the Data Encryption settings of the addressed Wireless Client Station:

·	When the Client Station uses Encryption, the Base Station sends the message in encrypted format, using the selected Transmit key value (see Frequency Channel).

·	When the Client Station does  not use Encryption, the Base Station will send the message in non-encrypted format.

·	When the message is a Multicast or Broadcast message (typically addressed to "all Wireless Client Stations"), the Base Station sends the message in non-encrypted format.

CAUTION

Not possible when network environments require more security levels than just standard security mechanisms.


Enable Data Encryption

·	4 Key Encryption

·	1 Key Encryption


4 Key Encryption

1.	Start the AP Manager

2.	Select your Base Station.

3.	Click the Edit button.

4.	Select the Wireless Interfaces tab.

5.	Click the Security button to view the Wireless Security Setup window.

6.	Select the option Enable Encryption to enable encryption, and:

·	Enter up to 4 different Encryption Key values to decrypt data received via the wireless interface

·	Select one of these to encrypt wireless data transmitted via the wireless interface.

7.	Click OK to return to the Wireless Interfaces tab.

8.	Click OK again to save the configuration to the Base Station and to return to the main window of your AP Manager.

The Base Station will now reboot.

See also: Use Encryption Keys.


1 Key Encryption

1.	Start the Residential Gateway Setup Utility

2.	Click Continue on the Welcome screen

3.	Enter the Network Name in Identify Your RG, and click Continue

4.	Click Continue on Setup Your Internet Connection

5.	On Overview of Your Settings, click the Change button on the configurable setting Security

6.	Check the Enable Encryption box and enter the Encryption Key.

7.	Click OK to return to the main screen.

8.	Click Continue to go to the next screen

9.	And then Finish to save the Residential Gateway settings.


Use Encryption Keys

·	The option to enter up to 4 different keys enables you to define a roll-over scheme use for the Encryption Key:

You can select another key every x weeks, until you reach the fourth key. At that point in time you could enter 3 new Encryption values for the first three Encryption key entries, before the expiration period of the fourth key value. Once each Wireless Client Station and Base Station has been set to use the first new key again, you can replace the fourth key value with a new one.

·	In environments using multiple types of encryption, you can use valid key values from Wireless Client Adapters supporting lower bit encryption on types that support higher bit encryption.

·	Encryption key values are visible only when you enter the character strings.

Write down these values you enter, before closing the Security window. Encryption keys are stored in hidden characters and will not be displayed again in readable format.

·	To minimize the risk of intruders being able to retrieve the encryption values:

·	Lock away any paper registration sheet that you use to remember the defined encryption values.

·	Change the encryption values at regular intervals.


Firewall

The Residential Gateway supports IP and packet filtering firewall functions.

Packet Filtering is a type of Firewall. Packet filtering firewalls work at the network level of the IP layer of TCP/IP. In a packet filtering firewall, each packet is analyzed to a strict set of criteria before it is allowed to pass. Depending on the packet and the criteria, the firewall will either drop the packet, forward it, or send a message back to the original source. Traffic is filtered based upon these specified rules that may include: examining the source and destination IP addresses of packets, port numbers, and protocol used.

Use the AP Manager to Enable Firewall functionality.


Enable Firewall functionality

·	Enable Firewall

·	Configure Port Mapping


Enable Firewall

1.	Start the AP Manager

2.	Select your Base Station.

3.	Click the Edit button.

4.	On the Firewall tab, enable the Firewall tickbox.


Configure Port Mapping

The Port Mapping tab allows you to setup servers for specific protocols or ports.

1.	Start the AP Manager

2.	Select your Base Station.

3.	Click the Edit button.

4.	On the Port Mapping Tab, fill in the Local IP Address for the ports you want to map.

5.	Optionally, you can define up to three other ports to be mapped.


Security

·	Access Base Station Setup

Restrict access to any registered Wireless Client Station, using the Base Station to change the Wireless LAN Configuration.

·	Wireless Access to the Network

Restrict access to any Wireless Client Station that "knows" the right key.

·	Advanced Security Maintenance


Advanced Security Maintenance

Maintaining Access Control Tables

Maintaining WEP Encryption Keys


Maintaining Access Control Tables

Best is to create a single access control table and store it on the harddisk of the LAN Administrator Station and/or share it with other LAN Administrator Stations. You are advised to use only one table for all Base Stations.


Maintaining WEP Encryption Keys

With the WEP Encryption functionality, the exchange of encrypted data between Access Point and Wireless Client Station is possible, as long as there is one common key at the key-index number.

Consider the following, when planning the usage of different keys:

1.	The length of time one key stays in use.

2.	The requirements for smooth transition from one key to another.

3.	The minimization of end user exposure to key values.

See also: Roll-over Sequence.


Roll-over Sequence

·	Single Key - No Transition,

·	Single Key - Transition Period, and

·	Alternative Schemes.

To identify some of the roll-over schemes table, refer to the following list:

Table Element
Description
AP
Base Station
STA
Wireless Client Station
Outward Key
The key in use to encrypt traffic from AP to STA
Inward Key(s)
The key(s) allowed to encrypt traffic from STA to AP
Tx
index number configured for transmission
=
the value does not change from period to period
WEP
 keys
1-2-3-4 index order number
·
capital letters: real key index
·
zero: non-configured index.
Single Key - No Transition

At each point in time, only one single key is used.

The key to be used is dictated by the Base Station (AP) settings, showing only one valid key at each period. This requires a change over of keys at all Wireless Client Stations (STAs) more or less at the same time.

Period
AP Configuration
Out-ward
Key
STA Configuration(s)
In-ward
Key
#
Description
Keys 1-2-3-4
Tx
Keys 1-2-3-4
Tx
0
Main life key A
A-0-0-0
1
A
A-B-C-D
1
A
1
Main life key B
0-B-0-0
2
B
=
2
B
2
Main life key C
0-0-C-0
3
C
=
3
C
3
Main life key D
0-0-0-D
4
D
=
4
D
4
Main life key E
E-0-0-0
1
E
E-F-G-H
1
E
5
Main life key F
0-F-0-0
2
F
=
2
F
Single Key - Transition Period

Notice that in the transition periods 1, 3 and 5, Wireless Client Stations (STAs) can switch over from one Txkey index to the next. At the end of this period, all must be over to the new key index. Transition period 7 includes the transition to a new set of keys as well. The total length of time a key is used consists here of the main life time period and two transition periods. Assuming the main life is much bigger than the transition, this can still be considered to be a single key scheme, because most of the time only a single key is in use.

Period
AP Configuration
Out-ward
Key
STA Configuration(s)
In-ward
Key
#
Description
Keys 1-2-3-4
Tx
Keys 1-2-3-4
Tx
0
Main life key A
A-0-0-0
1
A
A-B-C-D
1
A
1
Transition A-B
A-B-0-0
2
B
=
1|2
A | B
2
Main life key B
0-B-0-0
2
B
=
2
B
3
Transition B-C
0-B-C-0
3
C
=
2|3
B | C
4
Main life key C
0-0-C-0
3
C
=
3
C
5
Transition C-D
0-0-C-D
4
D
=
3|4
C | D
6
Main life key D
0-0-0-D
4
D
=
4
D
7
Transition D-E
E-0-0-D
1
E
A-B-C-DF-G-H
4
D
8
Main life key E
E-0-0-0
1
E
E-F-G-H
1
E
9
Transition E-F
E-F-0-0
2
F
=
1|2
E | F
Alternative Schemes

At each key transition period, two keys are in use and, at the end, the oldest will be replaced at all Wireless Client Stations (STAs), maintaining the other three keys.

It requires less configuration changes than Single Key - Transition Period.

Period
AP Configuration
Out-ward
Key
STA Configuration(s)
In-ward
Key
#
Description
Keys 1-2-3-4
Tx
Keys 1-2-3-4
Tx
0
Main life key A
A-0-0-0
1
A
A-B-C-D
1
A
1
Main life A+B
A-B-0-0
2
B
=
1|2
A | B
2
Main life B+C
0-B-C-0
3
C
=
2|3
B | C
3
Main life C+D
0-0-C-D
4
D
=
3|4
C | D
4
Main life D+E
E-0-0-D
1
E
A-B-C-DF-G-H
4
D
5
Main life E+F
E-F-0-0
2
F
E-F-G-H
1|2
E | F


Access Base Station Setup

·	Access Point

·	Read and Read/Write passwords

·	SNMP IP Access List

·	Residential Gateway

·	Read and Read/Write passwords

·	(Optional) Trap Host Alerts mechanisms


Read and Read/Write passwords

You can create two authority levels for passwords:

·	Read Password

·	Read/Write Password


Change Passwords

1.	Select the Base Station and click the Edit button.

2.	From the Edit Base Station Configuration window, select the SNMP tab.

3.	(Optional) Change the value for the Read Password

4.	(Optional) Change the value for the Read/Write Password.

CAUTION

Password changes can result on management problems and consequently stop you from accessing the Base Station devices within your network. Change it simultaneously for all the Base Station devices of your network.


SNMP IP Access List

In addition to the Read and Read/Write passwords, you can restrict the access to the Base Station configuration to authorized LAN Administrator Stations, by registering the correspondent IP Address.

·	Create/edit the SNMP IP Access List


Create/edit the SNMP IP Access List

1.	Start the Base Station Management Tool

2.	Select the Base Station

3.	Click the Edit button to connect to the Base Station

4.	Select the SNMP tab to display the SNMP parameters

The SNMP IP Access List is visible at the bottom of the SNMP tab.

5.	To modify the default value <All will be permitted> select:

·	Add - to add IP addresses to the list.

Press the F1 key for on-line Help for possible values for these fields

·	Delete - to remove IP addresses from the list.

·	Edit - to change entries in the list.

Default value is <All will be permitted>.


Trap Host Alerts

To receive SNMP Trap Messages, you have to:

·	Have a Trap Host Agent mechanism in the management station

·	Enable Trap Host Alerts

The Base Station has to support:

·	Cold Boot Trap

·	Authentication Failure Trap

·	Link Up or Down Trap

·	New Root Trap


Cold Boot Trap

·	Someone has changed the configuration of the Base Station

·	Someone has performed a Forced Reload

·	The Base Station is powered off and on again.


Authentication Failure Trap

Someone tried to access the configuration of the Base Station using incorrect password.

Unauthorized users might be trying to break into your network.

Access Base Station Setup.


Link Up or Down Trap

[Only with Link Integrity enabled]

·	Link Down

The Base Station detects a link going down.

·	Link Up

The Base Station detects a link has become available again.


New Root Trap

[Only with Spanning Tree enabled]

·	The Spanning Tree algorithm changes

·	The Base Station detects that a new bridge has been elected to act as the Root Bridge.


Enable Trap Host Alerts

To activate the Trap Host mechanism you have to:

·	Assign a PDU station, and

·	 Activate Trap Host alerts at each Base Station.

1.	Start the Base Station Management Tool and select the Base Station.

2.	Click the Edit button to connect to the Base Station.

3.	Select the SNMP tab to display the SNMP parameters.

4.	In the field Trap Host IP Address enter:

·	Any valid IP address

 Activates the Trap Host alerts

This IP address will receive messages when the Base Station is reset., and should identify the management station that receives the trap messages.

·	0.0.0.0 - (Initial value)

Disables SNMP Trap Agent.

5.	Enter a password in the field Trap Host IP Password.

·	Any Alphanumeric Value in the range of a-z, 0-9 with a minimum of 2 and a maximum of 31 characters.

·	 Initial Value: public

Choose a password corresponding to the one set to filter unsolicited or unauthorized SNMP Trap Messages at the Trap Host.

The Trap Host IP Password will be embedded in the SNMP Trap Messages sent by this Base Station.

Trap messages with unknown password are ignored.

·	Press OK to save the new configuration to the Base Station and return to the main window.